Perras, Frédéric A., Zichun Wang, Takeshi Kobayashi, Alfons Baiker, Jun Huang, and Marek Pruski. “Shedding Light on the Atomic-Scale Structure of Amorphous Silica–Alumina and Its Brønsted Acid Sites.” Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 35 (2019): 19529–37.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CP04099D
In spite of the widespread applications of amorphous silica–aluminas (ASAs) in many important industrial chemical processes, their high-resolution structures have remained largely elusive. Specifically, the lack of long-range ordering in ASA precludes the use of diffraction methods while NMR spectroscopy has been limited by low sensitivity. Here, we use conventional as well as DNP-enhanced 29Si–29Si, 27Al–27Al, and 29Si–27Al solid-state NMR experiments to shed light on the ordering of atoms in ASAs prepared by flame-spray-pyrolysis. These experiments, in conjunction with a novel Monte Carlo-based approach to simulating RESPDOR dephasing curves, revealed that ASA materials obey Loewenstein’s rule of aluminum avoidance. 3D 17O{1H} and 2D
17O{1H, 27Al} experiments were developed to measure site-specific O–H and HO–Al distances, and show that the Brønsted acid sites originate predominantly from the pseudo-bridging silanol groups.